Murder

HARBOR GRACE, 5th May, 1873.

A sad occurrence has taken place at a village by Round Pond, near Spaniards Bay.
A man named Coffee went to his home tipsy on Saturday night, and a quarrel ensued between him and his father-in-law, named Singleton, In which the family of the latter took part.

During the quarrel Coffee stabbed Singleton in the ribs, and then ran out of the house followed by Singleton, who gave him a heavy blow on the bead with a stick, and felled him.
Singleton’s two sons then kicked Coffee on the body till he became speechless, tied him with rope and left him exposed to the cold all night. He was found by the Police on Sunday morning and removed to the station house, where he died last evening. Singleton’s wounds are said to be dangerous. The parties concerned are in custody.

Opening of the Supreme Court yesterday (Tuesday) being the 20th instant, the Spring Term of the Supreme Court was opened by the Chief Justice (Sir H. W. Hoyles) and Assistant Justices Robinson and Hayward. Their lordships took their seats on the Bench at noon, when the Grand Jury panel was called to order, and a Jury empanelled for the present term, of which Thomas Clift, Esq., was chosen foreman. Being duly sworn, the Jury were then addressed by the Chief Justice to the following effect:

There were as yet but two cases to be brought under their consideration during the present term, in both of which however, the charges were of a serious character. One was against various parties belonging to the district of Placentia, who as were charged with robbing and plundering a vessel in that district during the month of February last. In this case the Attorney General was not at present prepared to send a Bill before them owing to the absence of material witnesses. This case would come under their consideration during the present term, when it, would be quite time enough for him to make further reference to the subject.

The next was a case of Homicide, in which a father and two sons named Singleton, and living in the vicinity of Spaniard’s Bay were charged with having caused the death of a man named Coffee. The causes out of which this unfortunate occurrence arose, appeared to have been of a most lamentable character. It appeared, that the Singleton family which consisted, of the father, two sons and two daughters, lived in the vicinity of Spaniard’s Bay. and that the deceased Coffee, although not married, also lived in the family, upon is terms of peculiar intimacy with one of the daughters. On the Saturday evening in question the deceased was seen by some of the neighbors passing their houses on his way to Singleton’s. He was noticed at the time to be in a state of drunkeness, call in which condition he had been always. of known to have been violent, and was heard by them to make use of threats against those with whom he lived.

It appeared that he arrived at the house, and he upon entering, sat down upon a bench in rather a surly mood, and upon being questioned by the girl with whom he lived, as to what was the matter with him, struck her. A quarrel subsequently arose between him, the old man and the sons. As to where the fault lay, a difference of opinion existed, some attributing the cause of the dispute to Coffee, others to the Singletons. A scuffle however ensued, in which be the old Singleton was stabbed, the fight which commenced in the house was continued outside, and ended by the elder Singleton knocking down Coffee by striking him one or more blows on the head. It appeared from the depositions that the brothers Singleton tied Coffee hand and foot where he lay, and left him exposed to the cold and frost of a winter’s night. He was subsequently covered it was true, by be the women, but he did not appear to have he stirred afterwards. In the morning the family sent for the police who arrived, and removed Coffee who however died during the day. Such was the miserable narrative of a crime, which had resulted from a quarrel, arising from excessive indulgence in intoxicating liquors, unfortunately the too fruitful cause of so many evils.

Looking also at the great moral depravity existing in the family, it was not to be wondered at, that such awful results had followed in its train; but at the same time. it was to be regretted that such families were to be found amongst us. The indictment which was to be submitted for their consideration charged the parties with manslaughter, in taking the life of the deceased. There could be no question that under the circumstances, which would be brought before them, the charge of manslaughter at least, could be sustained.. The fact for their determination therefore was as to whether the parties accused, had been the cause of the death of the deceased and in that event it would be the duty of the Jury to find a True Bill against them.

They would also have to investigate and determine, as to whether death had been caused by the violence of one or two of the parties, The medical evidence went to show that death had resulted from injuries to the head and neck, and in the attack in which those injuries had resulted, each individual was not alone accountable for his own acts, but also for those of others engaged with him in the one common object. If, however as was stated, one of the parties came up subsequently and struck and kicked the deceased he was only responsible for the after consequences, but was not responsible for those of the original affray, and which were the causes of death.

In the examination of the various witnesses a different state of facts might be elicited as he at present only spoke from the depositions which had been laid before him. The question for them to decide was, if death had resulted from the action of one, or of any, of the parties accused, and to find a True Bill in accordance with the evidence elicited.

The Jury then about half past twelve retired, the various witnesses for the Crown were called and sworn, and the Jury having proceeded with their exmanination returned into Court with a true Bill against the parties whose names appeared in the indictment.

During the examination of witnesses by the Grand Jury, the Court proceeded with business, the Petty Jury panel was called over, days were fixed for the trial of several cases, various motions were disposed of and the Court adjourned until Friday next, at eleven o’clock.- Courier, May 21.

The case of the Queen vs. John, Albert and Richard Singleton, charged with the manslaughter of James Coffee at Spaniards Bay in the early part of the present month, was next called. The prisoners in this case, having been placed at the bar, and having severally pleaded “not guilty” were remanded until yesterday. The Court then shortly after ad- Journed until 11 a.m. yesterday, when it again met, and the case of the Queen vs. John, Albert and Richard Singleton was called, and a Jury being empanelled and sworn, the Attorney General opened the case for the Crown; several witnesses were examined on the part of the Crown, and the Court again adjourned about half-past six until eleven to-day.

THE case of the Queen against John, Albert and Richard Singleton, for the manslaughter of James Coffee at Spaniards Bay, in the early part of the present month, terminated on Wednesday last. The witnesses for the Crown, and for the prisoners having been examined, and the Jury. having been addressed by the learned Counsel on both sides, and finally by the Bench, retired about 6 p. m., for the purpose of considering their verdict, and returned into Court, in about three quarters of an hour with a verdict in the eases of John and Albert, of “not guilty” and of “guilty” against Richard Singleton. The prisoner Albert was then ordered to be dischar- ged, John having previously, through want of proof, been liberated, and Richard was remanded for sentence at a future day of the term.

Spaniard’s Bay Events

A joyous Thanksgiving service was held in the church given for the safe return of Llewellyn Blandford, Joseph Blandford, Harvey Chipman, and Abram Chipman on April 18th, 1918. They had left Halifax under sail in their schooner “Jean Campbell” and reached St. John’s 65 days later after being given up for dead.

Where 1918 would end with Thanksgiving for the end of World War One 1919 would start on a far more ominous note. The Church was ordered to remain closed from Jan. 12th to Feb.16th because of a smallpox and influenza epidemic. This spread probable owes its beginnings to servicemen returning from overseas.

Following the closing of the church for a month, the Parish got back to business. Rev. Clench spoke at length regarding his salary, he felt that the cost of living had increased to the point where the amount allowed to him was not enough to cover his expenses and if he didn’t get a raise he would leave. The Parish voted to give him $1100 for the ensuing year.

Sadly, two boys did what most boys do, they go where they shouldn’t-bad ice. Both Hector Gosse, 9 ½ yrs and John Jewer 12 yrs drowned together after going through the ice on Northern Cove Pond. Both were fatherless and were called a mother’s toughest sons. All the schoolchildren of Spaniard’s Bay were in attendance at the doublefuneral on March 28th, 1919.

Mr. Levi Chipman donated to the church a bracket of lights in memory of his son John Chipman, who was killed in action in the Great War, while serving with the American Expeditionary Force in France. He installed the lights at his own expense as well.

The parish many of its best and brightest killed on the battlefields throughout Europe, those who returned brought new ideas and life to the church. Their bravery had brought great honor to their country and to their community, their county had overstepped its financial obligations and a crushing debt for the colony. The coming years would see unprecedented economics heights, and a crushing low a few short years away.

The preceding decade saw the Mission elevated to the rank of a self supporting Parish, a joyous celebration was held. As the years progressed the community suffered through poor leadership and the Great War. If that wasn’t enough the closing decade saw the rise of the Spanish Flu, a worldwide epidemic. The boom years were behind themand dark clouds would form near the end of the decade.

The Financial Committee decided in 1920 to levy minimum amounts payable to the Rector’s Stipend. Head’s of families were levies $5.00, young men sixteen years of age and older were levied $3.00 per year. If they failed to do the Rector would recognize them, would not visit them, marry them, baptize or bury. The only exception being destitute cases.

Rev. Clench is again not happy with the amount being collected for his stipend, there appears to be a shortfall, though amounts are not given. He tells the Parish if nothing is done to raise his stipend the parish will very shortly be without a rector. A stirring address was made about the sorry state of affairs in regards to the rectors stipend “…that he admired the man who paid five dollars, but thought the same class of men who paid two dollars had no enthusiasm for their religion: He considered it a shame that a place like Spaniard’s Bay could not raise more money towards support of their Rector.”

Rev. Clench records that a very bad snowstorm prevented the trains from running in Feb. of 1921. He states that he was forced to walk from Avondale to Spaniard’s Bay, quite a long walk in Feb. He doesn’t record how long the journey took.

A fire broke out at the house of a Mr. Chipman, during the sermon on May 22nd, 1921. The Blessing was given and the men left to fight the fire. Little damage was done and the house was saved. Prayers can make a difference.

The First World War saw many parishioners serve overseas in various capacities most with the British Armed Forces, some with the Canadian Armed Forces, and even with the American Armed Forces. One native son inparticular, PFC John Charles Chipman was killed in action at Loisson, France on July 19th, 1918 while serving in the U.S. 16th Infantry Regiment. His body was exhumed and sent home for final interment on May 24th, 1921 with full military honors. A written account of that day stated that there were approximately 1500 people in church that day. Four priests presided over the service.

The body of William Hutchings, 61, was found in the water at Mint Cove at 8am June 1st, 1921. How he got into the water was never found out.

The school children and teachers paraded for the funeral of Ronald Sheppard, a scholar who attended the Central School House.

The parish had great problems after it committed itself to pay the Rector $1100 per year; the post war years saw a steady decline in world prices for wood, fish and iron ore. Wartime spending by the Government of Newfoundland led to huge debt, which in turn forced taxes to go higher and higher. Quite simply they could not afford the stipend they had offered. Clench tells them yet again that the parish could not expect him to live on the amount that they had collected for his stipend, if he receives an offer from another parish and no more money is coming his way, he would have to accept the offer of another parish. The wardens were then told to make a list of those men who had not paid church dues and to visit those men on their next payday.

Jan. 14th, 1923 saw the introduction of the weekly envelope offering system, instead of door to door canvassing of the church to pay church dues in full, families could put in whatever they could spare to go into the church during services. This would ensure the parish of a continuous income.

The envelope system paid off early dividends as the parish saw fit to raise the Rector’s stipend to $1200.00 in 1927. This may have been in part because of an increased world demand for Labrador Salt Fish, this increase where most all other Newfoundland industries suffered.

Question of ownership of the Parish Hall arose in 1925, does the church own it or does the school board? The Rector stated emphatically that the Parish owns the Parish Hall.

Anyone who has ever seen the movie Footloose would have an understanding of the next topic. According to reports brought to the Annual meeting in 1925, there are many people in the Parish who are opposed to dancing in the Parish Hall. The matter was put to a vote and it was decided that any and all dancing would cease in the Parish Hall In 1927 this motion was rescinded and dancing was allowed. It is possible that something occurred which few people agreed with because in 1928 dancing was again ordered to cease in the Parish Hall. Minds were changed in 1929 because dancing was again allowed, but only six times per year, and that twenty- percent of the proceeds of all dances be paid to the Parish Hall Upkeep Fund. Dancing was again ceased in 1930. As revenue was needed for various church endeavors to keep the bills paid, dancing was again allowed in 1931, there would be more resolutions ceasing such forms of entertainment.

The Great Depression hit the parish in all its fury in the fall of 1929. Businesses and industries collapsed, as there were no markets for their products. Banks fell and entire saving were wiped out overnight. Families who did not have the means to subside through means of their own were given eight cents a day to keep body and soul together.

It would be no small feat for the parish to operate under such dire conditions. It would be assured that many prayers for conditions to improve would have been made. This era would try the patience and the faith of those who lived in Spaniard’s Bay. Hard work and due diligence would be the main qualities of leaders through these difficult times.

“Lest We Forget!”

“Lest We Forget!”

Mr. George Roberts, of Spaniard’s Bay, was about town during the week soliciting help to procure clothing for his son Stephen, who is at the Sanitarium, St. John’s, suffering from tubercolosis, of Friday last. The appeal is certified by the resident clergyman at Spaniard’s Bay who states that the case is the result ofinjustice by the Army Medical Authorities. The facts gathered from the father of the lad are that his son Stephen enlisted with the Nfld. Regiment in the summer of 1918 and went across with a draft, that owing to sickness breaking out, was sent to Wales and arrived at the depot on Armistice night.

He was repatriated in the following June and was discharged. Three months after being discharged he developed tubercolosis and after considerable exertion being expended he was admitted to the Sanitorium by the Military authorities. Sinee being there he has received no pension or allowance and while being treated by the medical authorities he is not receiving other help, with the result that his father has to make a personal canvass among sympathizers to provide him with necessary clothing.

Surely if the ex-soldier was admitted and is being treated by the military authorities,
then he should receive some pension or allowance to enable him to provide clothing or necessaries other than medicine. In justice to the case something should be done by the
department for the benefit of of the public, who seemingly have to undertake work that should be done by the military authorities.

Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, Newfoundland faced a staggering burden of tuberculosis (TB) compared to Canada, Great Britain, and the United States. The prevalence of this disease, often referred to as the “white plague,” was influenced by multiple factors rather than a single cause.

One significant contributor was the traditional family structure where large households gathered in confined spaces, particularly in winter when the kitchen was the only heated room. This close proximity facilitated the spread of TB among family members and visitors. Additionally, the widespread habit of chewing tobacco and spitting contributed to the transmission of the disease, as TB could be spread through saliva and sputum.

Nutritional deficiencies due to an unvaried diet lacking fresh foods and essential nutrients also played a crucial role in weakening immune systems, making individuals more susceptible to infections like TB. Compounding these challenges was the remote and isolated nature of many communities in Newfoundland, which limited access to medical services and hindered efforts to detect and treat TB effectively. Moreover, there was a general lack of understanding about the causes and prevention of the disease.

In response to the escalating crisis, several initiatives were undertaken to address TB in Newfoundland. By the turn of the 20th century, St. John’s boasted multiple hospitals, some of which began to specialize in tuberculosis care. Sanatoria, such as the one established on Topsail Road in 1917, provided isolated, therapeutic environments where TB patients could receive medical attention and restorative care away from densely populated areas.

Noteworthy among these efforts was the transformation of existing facilities to cater specifically to TB patients. The barracks on Signal Hill, converted into an isolation hospital in 1898, served as a temporary solution until it was destroyed by fire in 1920. The Imperial Order of Daughters of the Empire (IODE) contributed significantly by opening a summer rest camp near Mundy Pond in 1911, offering respite for women suffering from TB. Similarly, Jensen Camp, established in 1916 off Blackmarsh Road for First World War veterans with TB, exemplified the community-driven approach to tackling the disease.

The outbreak of World War I also saw the conversion of Escasoni, a Victorian summer home on the outskirts of St. John’s, into a sanatorium following its confiscation from its German owner. These efforts underscored the evolving understanding of TB treatment and the dedication of individuals like Adeline Browning, who spearheaded initiatives like Jensen Camp.

Over time, the sanatorium on Topsail Road expanded significantly, evolving into the primary facility for tuberculosis treatment in Newfoundland. Its growth mirrored advances in medical knowledge and public health strategies aimed at combating TB.

In conclusion, the history of tuberculosis in Newfoundland is marked by hardship and resilience. Despite facing formidable challenges, the province’s response to TB evolved through innovative healthcare solutions and community-driven initiatives. The legacy of these efforts continues to influence healthcare practices today, underscoring the importance of collective action in overcoming public health crises.

In the aftermath of conflicts and wars, many veterans find themselves grappling with profound challenges—physical injuries, PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder), and more. These men and women, having dedicated the prime years of their lives to safeguarding our rights and freedoms, often return home to face a different kind of battle: accessing adequate care and support.

The sacrifices made by veterans are immeasurable. They have willingly put themselves in harm’s way, confronting the harsh realities of combat to protect the values and liberties that form the foundation of our societies. Yet, despite their commitment and service, too many veterans find themselves marginalized or overlooked when they return to civilian life.

Veterans often contend with a range of physical and mental health issues stemming from their service. Physical injuries sustained in combat can be debilitating, requiring ongoing medical attention and rehabilitation. Equally, if not more challenging, are the invisible wounds of war—PTSD and other mental health conditions—that affect veterans long after they have left the battlefield. These conditions can manifest in various ways, from anxiety and depression to severe emotional distress and difficulty reintegrating into civilian society.

The Call for Improved Treatment and Support

It is incumbent upon us, as a society, to recognize and honor the sacrifices of our veterans by advocating for comprehensive and accessible healthcare services tailored to their needs. This includes not only physical rehabilitation but also robust mental health support programs that address the unique challenges faced by those who have served in combat zones.

Advocacy efforts must extend beyond mere acknowledgment of veterans’ service. They must encompass concrete actions to ensure that veterans have timely access to quality healthcare, regardless of their geographical location or financial circumstances. This involves strengthening healthcare infrastructure, expanding specialized treatment centers for veterans, and enhancing training for healthcare providers to better understand and respond to veterans’ specific health concerns.

Moreover, support for veterans should encompass initiatives aimed at facilitating their successful reintegration into civilian life. This includes access to educational opportunities, vocational training, and employment assistance tailored to their skills and experiences. By empowering veterans to leverage their talents in post-service careers, we not only honor their service but also enrich our communities with their diverse expertise.

Effective advocacy for veterans requires a collaborative effort between community organizations, government agencies, and the private sector. Local initiatives, such as veteran support groups and community outreach programs, play a crucial role in providing peer support and fostering a sense of belonging among veterans. Simultaneously, governments must uphold their responsibility to enact policies that prioritize veterans’ healthcare, social welfare, and overall well-being.

In conclusion, the commitment and sacrifices made by veterans demand our unwavering support and advocacy. As we reflect on the freedoms we cherish, let us remember that these freedoms were defended by brave men and women who deserve our utmost respect and gratitude. By advocating for better treatment and support for veterans, we honor their service and uphold our shared commitment to justice, equality, and compassion for all who have served our nations. Together, we can ensure that no veteran is left behind, and that their service is met with the dignity and care they rightfully deserve.

Conception Bay Schools

We have to acknowledge, with thanks, from the Rev. W. Pilot, B.A., the Report of the Public Schools of Newfoundland, under Church of England Boards, for the year ended 31st De- cember, 1887. We extract there from the following with reference to the schools in the districts of Bay Roberts and Spaniards Bay –

DISTRICT OF BAY ROBERTS.

It gives me pleasure again to state that, as rule, the Schools in this District are among the best under my superintendence. The School property, with the exception of the Schoolroom at Spaniard’s Bay Big Pond, is most eligible ar in excellent condition, but I regret to add that the Board is embarrassed by a heavy debt contracted in their construction.
Coley’s Point-Eighty children here passed excellent examination. The first class read well and intelligently; worked difficult sums in arithmetic, had made a good start in algebra, and worked on the blackboard three or four problems of Euclid. This is almost the only School where children have been presented for examination in this last named subject. In other subjects, as geography and grammar, much intelli- gence was shown. Two members of the Board were present during the examination, and prizes which had been then competed for were distributed to the successful competitors. On a subsequent day I examined Mr. Barnes, the Teacher, for his First Grade. The Board of Examiners have not yet pronounced upon his papers.

Bay Roberts, West. The Teacher, Mr. Kent, from whom I was led to expect substantial results, suddenly left the School about two months before the examination. His place had been supplied by a worthy and intelligent successor, who had just begun work at the time of my visit. I saw the ground work laid for a prosperous School, and subsequent reports have confirmed my opinion in this particular.

Bay Roberts, Central- A capital School with an enthusiastic Master. The children were under excellent discipline and acquitted themselves much to my liking in all subjects from the low- est to the first class Mensuration had been taught to about twelve pupils, who found readily the area of figures of various forms and dimensions. Mr Bancroft has also successfully con- ducted a class in navigation. Three of his pupils were found competent last year to become Masters of Bankers, and others of Labrador craft. I strongly recommend that some remuneration be made him to encourage a study fraught with Increasing importance to the community.

French’s Cove-Present 21 out of 23 on the register. The winter attendance is about sixty; children had not returned from School after their arrival from Labrador at the time of my Visit. Some good points observable, but the work was unequal in the several small classes.

Spaniards Bay Pond-Present 47 out of 53 registered. Much punctuality in attendance; progress fair since my former visit; local pronunciation very prevalent. Teacher attentive.

Country Path-A fair School both in numbers and attainments. Teacher since left to take School in District of Carbonear

DISTRICT OF SPANIARD’S BAY.

Spaniards Bay.-Present 30 out of 46 registered. Matters were much improved since my last report. The School-room has been furuish- ed with back board, maps and desks, and a few other necessary apparatus; and the children, the boys particularly, were under better discipline. In School work the results were but fair in reading. spelling and arithmetic. The writing was better, while only a beginning had been made in geography and English grammar.

Bishop’s Cove-A C.C C. School, under an attentive and painstaking Teacher. The tone of the twenty-five children pleased me much, as well in their seemly behaviour as in usual studies. The School premises were partially destroyed by fire in the early part of the year, and as repairs had not been effected, they had a very depressing appearance. I trust that arrangements now under consideration may result in a new School being erected in a more eligible and convenient situation.

Tilton.–Matters had much improved here. I was more pleased with my last than with any previous visit. Thirty-four present, out of 48 on the register. did fairly well in all subjects. The room is too small for the increasing import- ance of the place, and being used for Divine Service, is crowded with seats not required for purposes of the School. The premises require repairs.

New Harbor Road-This School, lately erected, supplies a long-felt need for this locality It is healthily and conveniently situated, and only requires some necessary furniture to make the work of teaching and learning pleasant and enticing The day of my visit was a very wet one, and only twenty five out of sixty-eight registered were in School; but I saw enough of the Teacher’s five months’ work upon these to as sure me that neither had been idle or inattentive, and that there is prospect of much good to the children of this formerly neglected locality.

The Bishop Cove School is not in the community of Bishop’s Cove, that school would be in the District of Upper Island Cove, the school was located on Bishop’s Cove Shore Road, colloquially known as Shore Road.

It is always interesting to read old school reports, one gets an idea of how hard it was to deliver an education to chidren who as in a previous post had to go to the Labrador to help fish, who had to look after younger siblings, who had to cease attending school in the spring to plant vegetables and in the fall to get them out of the ground. Then one has to consider the condition of the buildings, the quality of the teacher and more. An earlier post references children walking barefoot in the snow to attend snow, would these children, over fifty years later endure those hardships to learn.

The District of Bay Roberts was left in this post as a compare and contrast between the two communities and their schools.

NLTA Creation

FORMED AT LAST.
A School Teachers’ Association. SUCCESSFUL MEETING
At Spaniard’s Bay on Saturday
Eloquent Speeches.
Editor “Evening Telegram.”

DEAR SIR,-The meeting of teachers, of which notice was given last week, came off with great eclat, on Saturday last, at Spaniard’s Bay, in the room of the Church of England School, presided over by Mr. B. B. Squires. The day was a fine one, and everything looked well for a good meeting, as anticipated. However, a fair number put in an appearance, and at 12.30 p.m., Mr. J. F. Bancroft took the chair, and in his usual and eloquent style, addressed the assembly on many things appertaining to the profession-immediately followed by Mr. Robinson, of the Carbonear Grammar School, who,
In a Lucid and Able Manner, (much to the delight of the teachers present) set forth his views on the matter.

It was here proposed and seconded, right away, that “A Newfoundland Teachers’ Association” be formed, which proposition, being put by the chairman, was carried unanimously. Mr. James Munn, of the Harbor Grace Academy, now took up the strain, and things took a very lively turn for more than an hour. Many teachers came to their legs, and gave vent to feelings that had been pent up for years, conspicuous among whom, was Mr. John Martin, of Upper Island Cove, who made many very sensible remarks, expounding his views in a right royal way.

A Message Received.

At this juncture a message was received by the Chairman from Rev. W. Pilot, B.D., Superintendent of Church of England Schools, which contained the following:- “Please convey to Teachers’ meeting, Spaniard’s Bay, my heartiest wishes for success of their efforts.” I can assure Mr. Pilot that we were very much pleased to receive the above expression of his good will for the cause, and hope that, ere long, the other two Superintendents will fall in line. It was now proposed by Mr. Robinson, and seconded by Mr. Munn, that Mr. Bancroft be re-elected “President of the Association,” pro tem., which motion, being put, was carried unanimously.

The Corresponding Secretary. Mr. R. Dawe, teacher of the R. C. School, Bay Roberts, was again re-elected secretary pro tem., to whom all communications should be made respecting the “Association,” and who will answer any questions in respect thereto.

The Next Meeting.

The next meeting is to be held, D.V., on Wednesday, January 7th, 1891, at Spaniard’s Bay, to commence at noon, sharp. The subjects of discussion are: “Increased Denominational Grant”-which means an increased salary; also an Insurance Scheme, to provide for incapacitated teachers who from age, sickness or infirmity are incapable of providing the wherewithal to exist. Other business of importance to the profession will be ventilated, and a deputa- tion will be appointed to proceed to St. John’s, and there, before the members of the House of Assembly, explain to the best of their ability the pros and cons of the grievances to which teachers are subjected.

Not a Religious Matter.

This is not a religious matter, and should not be made sectarian, so that all teachers (to whatever denomination belonging) are cordially invited to attend and enroll their names on the lists of the Association.

A Request to the Editors. And I would here state that we shall be glad if the editors of the daily papers will be kind enough to keep the name of the Association out of politics; we shall thank those papers for ventilating our grievances, but request that they kindly refrain from dragging the subject into a political channel. Hoping that I have not trespassed too far, I hereby subscribe myself,

Yours, &c., NIL DESPERANDUM. District of Harbor Grace, Nov. 24, 1890.

TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATION. Meeting at Spaniard’s Bay. OFFICERS ELECTED, And Important Matters Discussed.
Twenty-Two Present.

DEAR SIR,-On Wednesday, the 7th inst., notwithstanding the very disagreeable state of the weather during the previous night and following morning, a goodly number of teachers, male and female-twenty-two in all-responded to the call of the “Teachers’ Association,” and assembled at the Central Schoolroom, Spaniard’s Bay.

Address by the President. The meeting was opened at noon with a short address from the President pro tem., and business was proceeded with. The minutes of the last meeting were read and adopted. Reports of committees were then called for, whereupon Mr. J. A. Robinson laid before the meeting a draft of the Constitution of the Association which, upon being carefully considered, was adopted article by article.

Officers for Ensuing Six Months.

The officers for the ensuing six months were elected by ballot without nomination, viz.: Mr. Bancroft, President, re-elected; Mr. Robinson, Vice-President, elected; Mr. R. Dawe, Secretary, re-elected; Mr. E. H. Williams, Treasurer, elected. Committees were appointed, of which Messrs. Robinson, Munn, and Moulton formed one; and Messrs. Eli Martin, J. Munn, and Miss Emma Martin, another.

Branch Associations.

Mr. Munn then suggested that Branch Associations might be formed in different parts of the country at the request of five teachers of the Association, co-operating with the main body. This suggestion, on motion, was adopted and embodied in the Constitution.

Petition to the Legislature. A committee was authorized to draw up a petition, to be presented at the next Session of the Legislature, embodying two resolutions, which were unanimously carried by the meeting.

The first defining the minimum salaries to be paid to males and females, and the second a State-aided insurance scheme for the benefit of teachers. Relief of Teachers in Distress. Several matters of importance were debated upon whilst considering the Constitution; the first being, that 20 per cent. of the funds of the Association be laid aside for the relief of teachers in distress or otherwise incapacitated.

Second, any certificated teacher in any part of the Island may become a member of the aforesaid As- sociation, by corresponding with the Secretary and remitting fifty cents as initiation fee for enrolment.

Third, any person, who may have the cause of the Education of This Colony at heart, may be entitled to become an honorary member of the Association by the payment of two dollars. Such honorary member, aforesaid, shall be entitled to assemble with the other members at all meetings, and shall have the same privilege of voice, but no vote, on any occasion.

And fourth, any one desirous of becoming an honorary Vice-President of the Association may do so on the payment of four dollars. Names Recorded and a Sumptuous Dinner.
Twenty-one teachers then had their names recorded, and after partaking of a sumptuous dinner, which was prepared through the committee by Mr. W. T. Cleary at his house, each returned to his or her destination.

Sanguine of Good Results.

I may be permitted to say that the teachers who were present are resolved, if possible, to carry into effect the several matters which were passed at the meeting, and, by hearty and earnest co-operation of all the teachers and others who may interest them- selves in the very important cause of education, they are sanguine of good results. Thanking you for space, I am, dear Sir, Yours truly,
ONE OF A COMMITTEE.
Carbonear, Jan. 9, 1891.

THE TEACHERS’ AGITATION. Letter from Spaniard’s Bay.
Neither Edifying Nor Creditable.
Editor “Evening Telegram.”

DEAR SIR,-I notice a letter in the Evening Herald of the 16th instant, from Spaniard’s Bay, over the caption of “A. B. C.,” which is neither edifying to the public nor creditable to the teacher who penned it. And, mark you, this vociferous letter was written simply because the Gov- ernment had refused an absurd request made by the Teachers’ Union of the districts of Harbor Grace and Carbonear, for an increase in the Educational Grant of $80,000- making the whole grant $205,000. Now, I ask you, fishermen, and others, if you could have believed that such a ridiculous request would be made by any persons possessing common sense, much less our teachers, who claim to have a certain amount of Intelligence Among Them.

I am confident that they never anticipated that the Government would grant such a monstrous request, when so many of the bone and sinew of the country are in a state of semi-starvation, and who would have to be further taxed for the purpose of increas- ing teachers’ salaries. Are not the teachers as well provided for at the present time, or better, than formerly, whilst many fishermen and others, who have seen better days than those clamorous for increase of salaries, are compelled to live on from $40 to $80 yearly? And, in the face of these facts, the teachers have the presumption to ask for an increase of grant. If their salaries are too low, I would recommend them to quit teaching and begin at some more profitable work, as there is no lack of teachers; but I am afraid many of those who complain would be some time looking before they would better their state, as they are not capable of filling positions Of Responsibility.

Are you not surprised that the teachers did not ask for the whole revenue? Surely, they might assume the right to one as the other; furthermore, those teachers claim the right to increase of salaries and prominent situations for canvassing. The right they arrogate to themselves for such services is unjust; admitting they did canvass, they enjoyed a few holidays, and were paid for their time by their respective Boards, whilst the children of the fishermen and others, who returned the Government by their votes, were roving about the streets. The abusive remarks of “A. B. C.,” in remembers fighting for their own aggrandizement, comes with very bad grace from teachers, as they were, one and all, apparently, canvassing for increase of Salaries and Situations.

But the greatest absurdity of all is their threatening what they will do. Now, we know that one of their No. 1 men at Carbonear did his best for the ex-member, and, I presume, some No. 2 and 3 men did the same; and what did their canvass amount to? Nothing! As a rule, school teachers are unpopular in the districts they reside inconsequently, they have but little influence. I am very apprehensive that the Teachers’ Union will work more harm than good. Unions, as a rule, are generally managed by men who have plenty of talk, but no ballast. Hence, they accomplish no good. D. E. F. Spaniard’s Bay, March 18, 1891.
Yours truly,

Since it is getting closer to the end of the school year, a nice little post on the formation of the Newfoundland and Labrador Teachers Association. There is a monument to this near the site of the aforementioned school house on Church Hill in Spaniard’s Bay for those readers not familiar with the area, if you have ever seen a picture of Holy Redeemer Church, it’s almost right along side of it.

Unions were very necessary in the 19th century, they forced employers to give better wages, safer work environments, ended child labour, created work weeks and more.

As the last letter in this post demonstrates a favorite pastime of certain people, complaining. The letter does have valid points, because of bank failures hunger was at many doorsteps, the brunt of increasing pay for teachers would be borne by the fishermen who’s livelihood depended on the capriciousness of mother nature.

Bancroft, an English man, was from Chester a union stronghold in England, realized the desperate situation of teaching conditions in Newfoundland and sought to create a union that was protective of its membership.

They sought to have a minimum wage of $300 per male teacher, $240 for female teachers with a pension plan, this much to the consternation of the letter writer was approved by government, insurance for teachers would not be approved until 1964.

Because of these meetings the teaching profession has come a long way since they had to worry about termination from typhus or from diptheria, colleagues that traveled from town to town, losing students to dig potatoes, look after siblings or go to the Labrador. Having parents take children from school for family activities and then complain when schools are closed.

Some things never change.

Robbery “Epidemic”In Spaniard’s Bay.

On Monday night, Dec. 16, between 6 and 8 o’clock the shutters of the windows in John F. Sheppard’s shop, Spaniard’s Bay, were removed by sliding them over each other, a large pane of glass was then broken, and somebody got into the store and stole $12.05 from a combination drawer, but breaking the apparatus in so doing, was unable to secure another $7.30 in a lower drawer

The same evening the shutters were removed from Chas. Butt’s store, the window was broken, the thief went thru the place looking for money, but about $8 in cash which was hidden away escaped him, and nothing else was taken.

On Thursday night, Dec. 27, between 8 and 9 p.m. the door of Moses Young’s store, Spaniard’s Bay, was found open by some persons who were passing. They notified his wife, who went to the shop with her servant and found a stick jammed into the back of the door and near it a boat’s thivart with which the theft had tried to prise open the door, but before completing the job must have been disturbed, and fled.

That night or next morning about 2 o’clock, the shutters of Esau Daniel’s store were removed, a large, window pane broken and a thief got in and stole some women’s clothing. Mrs Daniel heard a noise, got up and investigated, but the thief had vanished, and not till next morning did she discover her loss. The window was partly broken the night Sheppard’s store was robbed, the thief probably making a first attempt there.

The belief is that these offences were committed by a gang of rowdy boys who have been giving much trouble there lately. “Head” Dawe is now at work in the place and it is expected that he will run the guilty ones to earth ere long.jan 5 1907

Times really haven’t changed much since then. In 1907 when this happened it was probably just for greed, to sell items for cash. Today most thefts are for much more serious reasons that require intensive interventions and a multifaceted approach to overcome.

As always the blame is always placed on ” ..a gang of rowdy boys…” youth are always first to be thought of. Sadly no follow could be found yet to see who the guilty party or parties were.

DEATH’S SAD DOINGS. : Two Worthy Clergymgen called to their Rest.

The sudden and unexpected news of the death of the Rev John Godden, followed within a few hours by lt the sad intelligence of the decease of his brother priest, the Rev, T. P. Quintin, came like an electric shock to the hundreds in this town and the adjoining settlements, where both were held in the highest esteem, and where for many years each had so assiduously laboured. Arrangements were made for their interment in the Church of England cemetery on Monday afternoon.

The news was conveyed to Spaniard’s Bay where the aged clergy administered but a few years ago, and from which the younger married man had moved here only to meet his death. The Church bell tolled its mournful messages a meeting was called; resolutions of condolence were adopted, and the Church was suitable draped in monrming.

In Harbor Grace, it was agreed that a Memorial Service should be held in St. Paul’s Church on Sunday night, and that there should be a celebration of the Holy Communion at 8 o’clock on Monday morning. The funeral service was appointed for 2.30, on the arrival of the train.

At the Memorial Service in St. Paul’s there was a large congregation, when Canon Noel preached from the words: “They were lovely and pleasant in their lives, and in their death they were not divided,” 2nd Samuel 1, 23, —making special: reference to the character and noble labor of each of these worthy servants of the Lord.

It was the intention at first to have conducted the service in one of the two churches, but it was apparent that neither St. Paul’s nor Christ Church could contain the numbers, that were likely to assemble. It was therefore agreed to use both buildings for the first part of Burial Office.viz: the Psalms, Lesson, and hymns. This was fortunate as both Churches were filled to their utmost capacity. Mr. Godden had ministered at South Side, Bryant’s Cove, Christ Church, Carbonear and Spaniard’s Bay. Mr. Quintin after labouring in other parts and Labrador had held the incumbency of the last named place till within this past two months. Besides the large body of merit from that settlement, almost heart-broken in their deep. attachment to their pastor, numbers flocked together from Carbonear, South Side and outlier harbors, to show their last respect to each.

By rail or road there arrived-Canon Colley. Rev. W. R. Smith, and Rev. G. Godden from St. John’s, Rev. W. C. Shears and Rev. J. Bell from Bay Roberts, Rev. A. A. Cramp from Port-de-Grave, Rev. W. A. Haynes from Salmon Cove, Rev. E. Smart from Island Cove, Rev. F. W. Colley from Carbonear, Rev. W. White from Heart’s Content, Rev. J. Ball from Whitbourne, and Rev. G. H. Bolt: Secretary-Treasurer of the Synod, from Spaniard’s Bay, where he had held a Memorial Service the evening before.

The clergy in their robes met the funeral cortege of Mr. Quintin at St. Paul’s Church gate and proceeded into the Church. The large congregation that filled the nave, transepts and galleries made the service most impressive. Special hymns were sung, and while the clergy retired to attend a service of a like character in Christ Church, where Mr. Godden’s remains were carried, the congregation remained half an hour daring which several additional hymns were sung. The procession on leaving St. Paul’s passed along Harvey Street to the head of Noad Street, where it was joined by the other procession from Christ Church one going east and the other going went, two abreast. But, to make a united funeral, on turning down Noad Street the two processions joined, walking in fours. The order was as follows:
Underbearer, Church Wardens and Members of St. Paul’s Vestry. Judge Beymour and Dr. Aspland. 18 Clergymen in robes, 4 abreast. Hearses with the coffins of Rev. T. P. Quintin and Rev John Godden. Mourners and Relatives and citizens, 4 abreast.

The procession passed down Water Street, up the Church Hill, along Harvey Street and by Garland’s Lane to the cemetery gate. The Church Wardens and mourners from Spaniard’s Bay were the first to follow Mr. Quintin’s body, and the relatives of Mr. Godden first followed his. Behind was an immense concourse of townspeople and residents of neighboring parts, of every profession, class and creed. The sight was one not likely to be forgotten. Not less than 1500 men and young men, many moved to tears, wended their way four deep.Shops were closed, window blinds were lowered. Not an idler or curiosity-seeker appeared on the side walks. Business had stopped and flags fluttered halfmast, whilst an expression of genuine sorrow marked most faces, so greatly beloved were those whose memory was held most dear.

At the cemetery the remains of Mr. Godden were first committed to the earth. Rev. W. R. Smith read the opening sentences : Rev. D W Blackall, as Incumbent the words of committal; and Rev Canon Colley the closing collects. The beautiful hymn. “For all the Saints who from their labors rest”, was triumphantly sung, and the clergy and others then moved to the grave of Mr. Quintin. Rev. F. W. Colley read the Sentences, the Rector, Canon Noel, committed the body, and Canon Colley, Commissary of the Diocese, again said the concluding collects. Once more, with great heartiness and confidence in their brothers’ welfare and salvation, the clergy led the inspiring strain, “Oh. I what the joy and the glory must it be” whilst the body of voices made the air resound with their notes. And then, one by one, they quietly wended their way homeward, leaving their dear ones to await the Angel’s trump at the last and general Resurrection.

SPANIARD’S BAY”S TRIBUTE TO THE DEAD(EDITOR HARDOR GRACE STANDARD.) ;

Dear Sirs

As no doubt the STANDARD will be favored with details relative to the illness, death and burial of both the Revds. John Godden and T.P Quintin, I do not intend to trespass. much on its valuable space suffice it to say that on first intimation of the sad news the Church-Wardens ordered that the Church bell be tolled in memory of the much-esteemed departed ones, and also as a notice to the people of the departure of the soul of their beloved Pastor.

Notices were issued for a meeting to be held in the Central School Room in the night. In the interval it being Saturday, the Church-Wardens proceeded to drape the Church with black.

At 7.30 p.m. the meeting opened with prayer, when the Chairman in touching language explained the object for which the Wardens had called them together. To himself it was a very sorrowful and painful task to perform, but as he had been working with the late Rev. T. P. Quintin, as one of the Wardens since his assuming the charge of the Mission, his duty now caused him to perform this sad office, more from a feeling for him who in we all so much loved as our spiritual adviser. He saw now that it did not require any words of his to express their sorrow for the dear departed one, as it was quite noticeable in the expression on the faces of those who were then assembled.

The following resolutions were then read to the meeting and unanimiously adopted,

Resolved. That we, the congregration worshipping in the Church of the Holy Redeemer, desire to place on record our sincere sorrow of heart on learning today of the death of our much beloved friend and pastor Rev. T. P. Quintin, who had been laboring in this portion of the Master’s vineyard with much acceptance for the past four years.

Resolved. That a copy of above resolution be forwarded to the Widow and Sister, with the prayer that the Divine Head of the Church will support and console them in this their hour of berevement.

Resolved – That this meeting extends its sympathy to the widow of the late Rev. John Godden, once pastor of this mission, who is now lying dead, and do pray that the Great Consoler may be her comforter,

The meeting closed by the singing of the doxology. On Sunday a very solemn aspect prevaded the sacred building, the interior heavily draped in mourning and the appropriate text, “To live is Christ, to die is gain,” placed over the Altar in imposing letters, so as to attract the attention of those entering, could not fail to remind the congregation of the solemnity of the occasion.

The Rev. Mr. Bolt, Secretary of – Synod, had arrived by the night’s train (Saturday), and kindly officiated at three services on Sunday. The evening service was Memorial, with special lessons, psalms and hymns. The sermon was very touching and pathetic, and many tears were shed. After the blessing the congregation stood quietly, whilst the organ played the Dead March in Saul, very solemnly, and effectively.

On the day of the committal to mother earth, the bell was tolled and crowds could be seen wending their way to Harbor Grace, to attend the funeral and to take the last farewell of the beloved one who has gone before, believing that the souls of the righteous are in the hand of God and that we can, if we will, meet to part no more.
J. F. SHEPPARD,
Chairman of Meeting Spaniard’s Bay, March 23rd 1903

Rev Quintin is the only clergy to die while serving in Spaniard’s Bay, to lose two men who had served so close together so soon, clearly was devastating to the church community. Rev Godden depleted the debt on the church by over $700, finally, ten years after completetion, Rev Quintin finally saw it paid in full.

These are beautiful descriptions of the outpouring of grief and pain from various communities to men that were held in high esteem. Godden had retired after a long life of service, Quintin forced to due to tuberculosis, leaving a widow and young daughter.

In Spaniard’s Bay, a special meeting was held, and resolutions were passed expressing sorrow and extending sympathy to the widows of the deceased. The church was heavily draped in mourning, and a Memorial Service was which was deeply moving for the congregation. A visible sight to all of their sorrow

Overall, the deaths of Rev. John Godden and Rev. T. P. Quintin had a significant impact on their communities, showcasing the deep bonds they had formed and the high regard in which they were held. The collective mourning and the grand scale of their funerals underscored the profound loss felt by all.

Rev. John Godden

On Friday last the Lord Bishop of Newfoundland arrived at Spaniard’s Bay by the evening train for the purpose of inducting the Rev. John Godden into the Incumbency of Spaniard’s Bay. Evening prayer was said in the handsome and brilliantly lighted Church of the Holy Redeemer at 7.30, when a large congregation bad assembled, together with some visitors from Harbor Grace and Bay Roberts. The prayers were said by Rev. J. M. Noel and the lessons read by Rey, J.J. White. After the second hymn, the Bishop proceeded to the Chancel Steps, the Incumbent taking his position before him, when the Induction took place according to the form in use in the diocese. The Bishop’s license giving him authority to act as a priest, having been read, Mr. Godden made the usual declaration of his allegiance to the principles of the Church and adherence to the 39 Articles, set forth in the Book of Common Prayer. The key of the Church was then presented to him by the Bishop, putting him in formal possession of the sacred edifice and all acertaining to it, which the new incumbent acknowledged according to the prescribed form. Some canticles and collects having been said, the Bishop conducted him to a seat on the south side of the Sanctuary. His Lordship then addressed the congregation at some length, setting forth the high duties and responsibilities of those who have care of souls, and urging those who receive their ministrations to be faithful and obedient to those set over them. The greatest attention was paid by all present to the Bishop’s warm-hearted address, when the service closed with Hymn, and Benediction from the Altar, Rev Godden enters on his new charge with ripe experience, and the Church members of Spaniard’s Bay may well be proud of having one as their clergy, who already have accomplished so much in his former incumbencies, covering a period of 10 years. Next day, being the Festival of St. Michael and all Angels, Matins was said at 9 o’clock, after which his Lordship proceeded to Tilton to take the morning train.

SPANIARD’S BAY NOTES. New Churches.” Oar venerable and energetic clergyman, Rev. J. Godden, has in contemplation, the erection of two small churches in this mission. One at the “Fall Pond Ridge,” and the other at Tilton.. The erection of small churches at these places, are greatly needed, and should Mr. Godden be successful in his efforts in that direction, he will have performed a feat, which was not even contemplated by any of his predecessors. We wish the Rev. gentleman every success in his laudable undertaking. Evening Herald Nov 21 1895

SPANIARD’S BAY JOTTINGS.
Rev. J. Godden, who has resigned from the ministry, preached his farewell sermon here Sunday, the 27th ulto., taking his text from 11 Timothy, iv chapter., 7 and 8 verses. He delivered (extemporaneously), a very impressive, and for the occasiopn, appropriate discourse, exhorting his hearers to be firm in the faith, and steadfast unto the end, showing the absolute necessity of a constant vigilance on their part as soldiers of Christ, so as to give the enemy no chance of making an onslaught on their soul’s welfare; and many other exhortations, and admonitions, which space forbids one here to record: but suflicient to say, however, that the discourse was listened to with rapt attention hy his hearers, and let us hope will be productive of much good. Mr. Godden, during his two years incumbency here has been an earnest and enthusiastic worker, and no doubt much good will acerue in many ways to those whom he had committed to his charge, from the many stirring up they have received at his hands, to be earnest and active workers in the Master’s vineyard. Rev. Samuel Dawson has been appointed to succeed Mr. Godden.

The Induction Services took place Sunday, when Rev. J.M. Noel, R.D., inducted him into the mission. Mr. Dawson preached his first sermon here Sunday night, and judging from his maiden effort one can be safe in predicting that he will be an excellent preacher. We wish the rev. gentleman every success in his new mission. Prospects here, and at adjoining settlements, are looking awfully gloomy for the approaching winter, and many families who were depending on the Labrador fishery, as here- tofore, for their means of support, are now, owing to the almost total failure of the voyage, entirely destitute, and have no means whatever of supplying the wherewithall for their families. At present it looks as if it is going to be one of the worst winters for Spaniard’s Bay ever known here. If some kind of employment is not given the people the consequence I fear will be appalling, as many (through old age, etc.), are unable to bear the hardships endured by going on the railway at this season of the year, to look for employment. Now is the time for the government to open up some kind of employment for these unfortunate men, so as to enable them to earn some- thing to tide them over the winter. Spaniard’s Bay, Evening Herald Oct 6 1896

The Reverend John Godden, born in Carbonear on September 29th, 1824, the eldest son of Thomas Godden, who was then engaged in various businesses in the area. Educated in Carbonear, he later moved to Harbor Grace, briefly pursuing office work in St. John’s with C.F. Bennett & Co. However, finding office life unsuitable, he returned home and began teaching in locations such as New Harbor and Bishop’s Cove.

His journey led him to Canada, where he pursued studies for the Church. He was ordained Deacon on All Angels’ Day, 1854, and Priest on June 3rd, 1855, in the Cathedral of Montreal by Bishop Fulford. His first mission was in Mansonville, QC, followed by Dunham, Ont., before returning to Newfoundland in March 1872 to serve at South Side, Harbor Grace. From there, he transitioned to Carbonear in 1882.

Trinity East became his next mission, until June 29th, 1893, when he assumed responsibility for Spaniard’s Bay, officially taking charge on All Angels’ Day, 1894. At the age of 70, on the anniversary of his birth and the 40th year of his ministry, he returned to Harbor Grace, taking over Christ Church on Christmas Day, 1897, a post he held for two years. In November 1901, he temporarily resumed his duties at Christ Church, retiring from all ministerial work on December 31st, 1902.

Throughout his career, Reverend Godden displayed unwavering dedication, ensuring that no church he served incurred any debt. Notably, during his tenure in Spaniard’s Bay, he cleared a $700 debt from the church. Under his guidance, 22 buildings including churches, schools, chapels, and parsonages were constructed, with his commitment evident in his own words: “I never left one cent debt on any of this work to my successors.”

Dissatisfaction at Spaniard’s Bay.Their Wrongs Told Poetically.

Great dissatisfaction prevails here, owing to the way that railway tickets for labor on the Hall’s Bay line are being distributed. Applications from the men of Spaniard’s Bay for labor on the said line appear to be ignored by Messrs. Whiteley and Dawe, and tickets refused, whilst the adjacent settlements are receiving them every week. The consequence is, the men of Spaniard’s Bay are not a little dissatisfied about the matter. Why not distribute the tickets proportionately among the settlements? Have not our two representatives brains enough to know that the way they are now acting in giving out tickets is not at all satisfactory.

Come Whiteley, Dawe, this is not fair.
To keep railway tickets from coming here.
And send them to our neighbors near,
Whilst we are kept without our share.
If you’re going already to deviate,”
You’ll find you’ve made a great mistake.”
For partiality is sure to bring,
The griefs to which it is akin.
So draw the line, it’s time to blay,
And send us tickets for Hall’s Bay,
And don’t be keeping us in suspense,
You had our votes,now recompense!

Spaniard’s Bay, Feb. 13, 1890.
A. B. C.

Hall’s Bay is quite the distance from Spaniard’s Bay even today, being located on the Baie Verte peninsula, more so in the 1890s.

The complaint is that they were promised via election campaign promises that so a percentage of men would be hired and that promise was not fulfilled. Election histories are as most know filled with broken promises, it’s almost a cliche. Adding insult to injury they feel their applications for work are being ignored by the people who promised work.

In typical Newfoundland style what a better way to take down someone but with the use of humor, hence the little verse.

Causes of Death

Newfoundland in the 19th century was on the periphery of medical treatment of various diseases and conditions. Access to a doctor was pitiful to say the least, there was no reliable methods of transportation. It was at the capriciousness of mother nature.

This article will discuss terms that are often found in death registers, some of these are archaic and no longer used, but the maladies still haunt us to today.

Dropsy: what we now call edema or fluid retention, typically occurs due to complications related to the underlying condition causing the fluid accumulation rather than from the fluid buildup itself.

For example, if dropsy is caused by heart failure, the heart’s inability to pump blood effectively can lead to fluid buildup in the lungs (pulmonary edema) or other tissues. This can cause difficulty breathing and decreased oxygen delivery to vital organs, which can be life-threatening.

Similarly, if dropsy is caused by severe kidney disease, the kidneys’ inability to properly filter fluids and waste products from the blood can lead to fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances, which can also be life-threatening.

In essence, death from dropsy is usually a consequence of the underlying condition causing the fluid retention rather than the fluid retention itself.

Apoplexy: was a term commonly used to describe a sudden loss of consciousness or paralysis, often resulting from a stroke or cerebral hemorrhage. Today, we recognize apoplexy as a medical condition associated with a sudden impairment of brain function due to a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain.

Death from apoplexy in the 19th century would typically occur due to the serious consequences of the event. When a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or becomes blocked, it can lead to severe brain damage, loss of vital functions, and ultimately, death. The specific symptoms and severity of apoplexy could vary depending on the location and extent of the brain injury.

In the 19th century, without access to modern medical interventions such as advanced imaging techniques, clot-dissolving medications, or surgical interventions, the prognosis for someone experiencing apoplexy would have been poor. Treatment options would have been limited, and many individuals who suffered from apoplexy would have succumbed to the condition, often relatively quickly after the onset of symptoms.

Phthisis: a term used historically to refer to tuberculosis (TB), particularly pulmonary tuberculosis, which affects the lungs. It was a significant cause of death in the 19th century and earlier periods before the development of effective antibiotics and widespread vaccination.

Death from phthisis (tuberculosis) in the 19th century would typically occur due to the progressive nature of the disease. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria and primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other organs in the body.

In the lungs, tuberculosis causes inflammation and the formation of tubercles (small, rounded nodules). Over time, these tubercles can enlarge, coalesce, and cause extensive damage to lung tissue. Symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis include coughing, chest pain, coughing up blood, fatigue, weight loss, fever, and night sweats.

Without effective treatments, such as antibiotics and supportive care, tuberculosis could lead to respiratory failure, severe debilitation, and eventually death. In the 19th century, treatment options were limited, and many individuals with tuberculosis would eventually succumb to the disease.

Lupus on face:

Death directly resulting from lupus affecting the face, specifically in the form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), is rare. CLE primarily affects the skin and typically does not lead directly to death. However, lupus can become life-threatening if it progresses to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the more severe and systemic form of the disease.

Systemic lupus erythematosus can affect multiple organs and systems in the body, including the kidneys, heart, lungs, and central nervous system. Complications of SLE can be severe and potentially fatal if left untreated or poorly managed. These complications may include:

1. Kidney failure: Lupus nephritis, inflammation of the kidneys caused by lupus, can lead to kidney damage and, in severe cases, kidney failure.
2. Cardiovascular complications: Lupus can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes.
3. Pulmonary complications: Lupus can cause inflammation of the lungs (pleuritis) or inflammation of the blood vessels in the lungs (pulmonary vasculitis), leading to respiratory problems.
4. Central nervous system involvement: Lupus can affect the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as seizures, psychosis, or cognitive dysfunction.
5. Infections: Lupus and its treatments can weaken the immune system, increasing the risk of infections, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.

The causes of death themselves are only what the people though they were, it is possible that the cause listed was completely wrong, even today, doctors are not always right. And of course there is no proof from these times that the person was actually seen by a doctor for a diagnosis.